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These are the sexual forms of the colony including future kings and queens of colonies .
The reproductives live in a central chamber in the nest where a lady , or queen, will lay many thousands of eggs each year within herLife span of about ten decades. Man, or kings, are responsible to fertilising the queens. Reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites grow in the colony by shedding cuticles at the end of each growth stage, slowly changing until they get to the worker, soldier or adult (winged form). If queens die, some supplementary reproductives can carry on the colony as neotenics.
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Reproductives are generally darker than employees and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their stronger skin (cuticle) is able to resist the outside environment. After flight, unlike other insects, the deciduous wings of termites are discarded and piles of discard wings are a fantastic hint to termite infestations.
Soldiers have darker, heads that are bigger than the other castes. They're blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
Soldiers exist in different types. Many species have soldiers, together with well-developed jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, like ants.
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Nastute soldiers occur in Nasustitermes species and are only infrequently found as pests in Victoria. They've a snout from which they eject a sticky solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Phragmotic soldiers have a head, which can be wedged in tunnels to prevent attackers. The drywood termites, that utilize this particular strategy, are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
The employees account for the largest number of termites within the colony, and are consequently responsible for the maximum damage.
They gather food, groom other termites, construct tunnels and fix damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are thought to operate 24 hours a day during their 4-year life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They are blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
Termites hatch from eggs which have been tended by their nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
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As soon as they're old enough, the young work within the colony where occupations change with age and adulthood.
Once a single colony gets sufficiently large it produces winged reproductives that wait in specially constructed chambers until ready to leave the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
They leave the nest as a swarm under conditions of high humidity, still air, and sometimes low light. Termites are not strong fliers and generally only fly around 1km, but breezes and updrafts can take them a lot farther.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and emits a calling scent. Men quickly respond.
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They dig in and within the next few weeks, partner and look after their young until enough employees develop to take over the care roles.
New colonies are Termite Control Plans occasionally established via budding. This is thought to happen when the extremities of the colony lose contact and become independent.
The primary king and queen are thought to emit hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the remainder of the colony. However, this control breaks down if the territory is too big or contact with groups is dropped.
Soldiers have large, dark heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are tougher than other castes and may take longer to control. Several species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, like ants.
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Workers are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Workers are the largest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for most harm.
Reproductives which are darker in color to other castes, have functional eyes and robust skin. This caste becomes the leaders of colonies.
The temperature, food grade, and activity of the colony will determine how long it takes to get a termite to grow from egg to adult.
Nests and tunnels are kept moist because worker termites cannot stand low humidity for long intervals. The temperature within the nursery of a massive nest ranges between 10 C and 35 C but rarely varies more than one degree every day. The relative humidity is approximately 100 per cent.